libreoffice python 操作word及excel文档的方法

1、开始、关闭libreoffice服务；

开始之前同步字体文件时间，是因为创建soffice服务时，服务会检查所需加载的文件的时间，如果其认为时间不符，则其可能会重新加载，耗时较长，因此需事先统一时间。

使用时如果需要多次调用，最后每次调用均开启后关闭，否则libreoffice会创建一个缓存文档并越用越大，处理时间会增加。

class OfficeProcess(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self.p = 0
    subprocess.Popen('find /usr/share/fonts | xargs touch -m -t 201801010000.00', shell=True)

  def start_office(self):
    self.p = subprocess.Popen('soffice --pidfile=sof.pid --invisible --accept="socket,host=localhost,port=2002;urp;"', shell=True)
    while True:
      try:
        local_context = uno.getComponentContext()
        resolver = local_context.getServiceManager().createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.bridge.UnoUrlResolver', local_context)
        resolver.resolve('uno:socket,host=localhost,port=2002;urp;StarOffice.ComponentContext')
        return
      except:
        print(ts(), "wait for connecting soffice...")
        time.sleep(1)
        continue

  def stop_office(self):
    with open("sof.pid", "rb") as f:
      try:
        os.kill(int(f.read()), signal.SIGTERM)
        self.p.wait()
      except:
        pass

2、init service manager

local_context = uno.getComponentContext()
    service_manager = local_context.getServiceManager()
    resolver = service_manager.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.bridge.UnoUrlResolver', local_context)
    self.ctx = resolver.resolve('uno:socket,host=localhost,port=2002;urp;StarOffice.ComponentContext')
    self.smgr = self.ctx.ServiceManager
    self.desktop = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.frame.Desktop', self.ctx)

3、从二进制数据中读取doc文档

def ImportFromMemory(self, data):
    istream = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.io.SequenceInputStream', self.ctx)
    istream.initialize((uno.ByteSequence(data), ))
    pv = PropertyValue()
    pv.Name = 'InputStream'
    pv.Value = istream
    self.doc = {'doc': []}
    try:
      self.document = self.desktop.loadComponentFromURL('private:stream/swriter', '_blank', 0, (pv, ))
      self.text = self.document.getText()
    except:
      self.text = None

4、读取doc文档中的数据

def ExportToJson(self):
    try:
      l = self.__ParseText(self.text, self.__Callback(self.doc['doc']))
      self.doc['length'] = l
    except:
      self.doc = {'doc': [], 'length': 0}
    return json.dumps(self.doc)

@staticmethod
  def __Callback(alist):
    def Append(sth):
      alist.append(sth)
    return Append

def __ParseText(self, text, func):
    l = 0
    text_it = text.createEnumeration()
    while text_it.hasMoreElements():
      element = text_it.nextElement()
      if element.supportsService('com.sun.star.text.Paragraph'):
        l += self.__ParseParagraph(element, func)
      elif element.supportsService('com.sun.star.text.TextTable'):
        l += self.__ParseTable(element, func)
      else:
        pass
    return l

def __ParseParagraph(self, paragraph, func):
    p = {'paragraph': []}
    l = 0
    paragraph_it = paragraph.createEnumeration()
    while paragraph_it.hasMoreElements():
      portion = paragraph_it.nextElement()
      if portion.TextPortionType == 'Text':
        l += self.__ParsePortionText(portion, self.__Callback(p['paragraph']))
      elif portion.TextPortionType == 'SoftPageBreak':
        pass
      elif portion.TextPortionType == 'TextField':
        l += self.__ParsePortionText(portion, self.__Callback(p['paragraph']))
      else:
        l += self.__ParseTextContent(portion, self.__Callback(p['paragraph']))
    if hasattr(paragraph, 'createContentEnumeration'):
      l += self.__ParseTextContent(paragraph, self.__Callback(p['paragraph']))
    p['length'] = l
    func(p)
    return l

  def __ParseTextContent(self, textcontent, func):
    l = 0
    content_it = textcontent.createContentEnumeration('com.sun.star.text.TextContent')
    while content_it.hasMoreElements():
      element = content_it.nextElement()
      if element.supportsService('com.sun.star.text.TextGraphicObject'):
        l += self.__ParsePortionGraphic(element, func)
      elif element.supportsService('com.sun.star.text.TextEmbeddedObject'):
        pass
      elif element.supportsService('com.sun.star.text.TextFrame'):
        l += self.__ParseFrame(element, func)
      elif element.supportsService('com.sun.star.drawing.GroupShape'):
        l += self.__ParseGroup(element, func)
      else:
        pass
    return l

  def __ParseFrame(self, frame, func):
    f = {'frame': []}
    l = self.__ParseText(frame.getText(), self.__Callback(f['frame']))
    f['length'] = l
    func(f)
    return l

  def __ParseGroup(self, group, func):
    l = 0
    for i in range(group.getCount()):
      it = group.getByIndex(i)
      if it.supportsService('com.sun.star.drawing.Text'):
        l += self.__ParseFrame(it, func)
      else:
        pass
    return l

  def __ParsePortionText(self, portion_text, func):
    func({'portion': portion_text.String, 'length': len(portion_text.String)})
    return len(portion_text.String)

  def __ParsePortionGraphic(self, portion_graphic, func):
    gp = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.graphic.GraphicProvider', self.ctx)
    stream = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.io.TempFile', self.ctx)
    pv1 = PropertyValue()
    pv1.Name = 'OutputStream'
    pv1.Value = stream
    pv2 = PropertyValue()
    pv2.Name = 'MimeType'
    pv2.Value = 'image/png'
    gp.storeGraphic(portion_graphic.Graphic, (pv1, pv2))
    stream.getOutputStream().flush()
    stream.seek(0)
    l = stream.getInputStream().available()
    b = uno.ByteSequence(b'')
    stream.seek(0)
    l, b = stream.getInputStream().readBytes(b, l)
    img = {'image': base64.b64encode(b.value).decode('ascii')}
    img['height'] = portion_graphic.Height
    img['width'] = portion_graphic.Width
    img['actualheight'] = portion_graphic.ActualSize.Height
    img['actualwidth'] = portion_graphic.ActualSize.Width
    img['croptop'] = portion_graphic.GraphicCrop.Top
    img['cropbottom'] = portion_graphic.GraphicCrop.Bottom
    img['cropleft'] = portion_graphic.GraphicCrop.Left
    img['cropright'] = portion_graphic.GraphicCrop.Right
    img['length'] = 0
    func(img)
    return 0

  def __ParseTable(self, table, func):
    l = 0
    try:
      matrix = self.__GetTableMatrix(table)
      seps = self.__GetTableSeparators(table)
      t = {}
      count = 0
      for ri in matrix.keys():
        t[ri] = {}
        for ci in matrix[ri].keys():
          t[ri][ci] = dict(matrix[ri][ci])
          del t[ri][ci]['cell']
          t[ri][ci]['content'] = []
          l += self.__ParseText(matrix[ri][ci]['cell'], self.__Callback(t[ri][ci]['content']))
          count += t[ri][ci]['rowspan'] * t[ri][ci]['colspan']
      if count != len(t) * len(seps):
        raise ValueError('count of cells error')
      func({'table': t, 'row': len(t), 'column': len(seps), 'length': l, 'tableid': self.table_id})
      self.table_id += 1
    except:
      l = 0
      print('discard wrong table')
    return l

  @staticmethod
  def __GetTableSeparators(table):
    result = [table.TableColumnRelativeSum]
    for ri in range(table.getRows().getCount()):
      result += [s.Position for s in table.getRows().getByIndex(ri).TableColumnSeparators]
    result = sorted(set(result))
    for i in range(len(result) - 1):
      result[i] += 1 if result[i] + 1 == result[i + 1] else 0
    return sorted(set(result))

  @staticmethod
  def __NameToRC(name):
    r = int(re.sub('[A-Za-z]', '', name)) - 1
    cstr = re.sub('[0-9]', '', name)
    c = 0
    for i in range(len(cstr)):
      if cstr[i] >= 'A' and cstr[i] <= 'Z':
        c = c * 52 + ord(cstr[i]) - ord('A')
      else:
        c = c * 52 + 26 + ord(cstr[i]) - ord('a')
    return r, c

  @staticmethod
  def __GetTableMatrix(table):
    result = {}
    for name in table.getCellNames():
      ri, ci = WordToJson.__NameToRC(name)
      cell = table.getCellByName(name)
      if ri not in result:
        result[ri] = {}
      result[ri][ci] = {'cell': cell, 'rowspan': cell.RowSpan, 'name': name}

    seps = WordToJson.__GetTableSeparators(table)
    for ri in result.keys():
      sep = [s.Position for s in table.getRows().getByIndex(ri).TableColumnSeparators] + [table.TableColumnRelativeSum]
      sep = sorted(set(sep))
      for ci in result[ri].keys():
        right = seps.index(sep[ci]) if sep[ci] in seps else seps.index(sep[ci] + 1)
        left = -1 if ci == 0 else seps.index(sep[ci - 1]) if sep[ci - 1] in seps else seps.index(sep[ci - 1] + 1)
        result[ri][ci]['colspan'] = right - left
    return result

5、写doc文档

self.doco = self.desktop.loadComponentFromURL('private:factory/swriter', '_blank', 0, ())
    self.texto = self.doco.getText()
    self.cursoro = self.texto.createTextCursor()
    self.cursoro.ParaBottomMargin = 500

def __WriteText(self, text, texto, cursoro):
    for it in text:
      if 'paragraph' in it:
        self.__WriteParagraph(it, texto, cursoro)
      elif 'image' in it:
        self.__WritePortionGraphic(it, texto, cursoro)
      elif 'table' in it:
        self.__WriteTable(it, texto, cursoro)

  def __WriteParagraph(self, paragraph, texto, cursoro):
    if paragraph['length'] > 0:
      if 'result' in paragraph:
        for it in paragraph['result']:
          texto.insertString(cursoro, it['trans_sen'], False)
      else:
        texto.insertString(cursoro, paragraph['paragraph'], False)
      texto.insertControlCharacter(cursoro, ControlCharacter.PARAGRAPH_BREAK, False)

  def __WritePortionGraphic(self, portion_graphic, texto, cursoro):
    png_base64 = portion_graphic['image']
    png = base64.b64decode(png_base64)
    gp = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.graphic.GraphicProvider', self.ctx)
    istream = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.io.SequenceInputStream', self.ctx)
    istream.initialize((uno.ByteSequence(png), ))
    pv = PropertyValue()
    pv.Name = 'InputStream'
    pv.Value = istream

    actualsize = uno.createUnoStruct('com.sun.star.awt.Size')
    actualsize.Height = portion_graphic['actualheight'] if 'actualheight' in portion_graphic else portion_graphic['height']
    actualsize.Width = portion_graphic['actualwidth'] if 'actualwidth' in portion_graphic else portion_graphic['width']
    graphiccrop = uno.createUnoStruct('com.sun.star.text.GraphicCrop')
    graphiccrop.Top = portion_graphic['croptop'] if 'croptop' in portion_graphic else 0
    graphiccrop.Bottom = portion_graphic['cropbottom'] if 'cropbottom' in portion_graphic else 0
    graphiccrop.Left = portion_graphic['cropleft'] if 'cropleft' in portion_graphic else 0
    graphiccrop.Right = portion_graphic['cropright'] if 'cropright' in portion_graphic else 0

    image = self.doco.createInstance('com.sun.star.text.TextGraphicObject')
    image.Surround = NONE
    image.Graphic = gp.queryGraphic((pv, ))
    image.Height = portion_graphic['height']
    image.Width = portion_graphic['width']
    image.setPropertyValue('ActualSize', actualsize)
    image.setPropertyValue('GraphicCrop', graphiccrop)
    texto.insertTextContent(cursoro, image, False)
    texto.insertControlCharacter(cursoro, ControlCharacter.PARAGRAPH_BREAK, False)

  def __WriteTable(self, table, texto, cursoro):
    tableo = self.doco.createInstance('com.sun.star.text.TextTable')
    tableo.initialize(table['row'], table['column'])
    texto.insertTextContent(cursoro, tableo, False)
#    texto.insertControlCharacter(cursoro, ControlCharacter.PARAGRAPH_BREAK, False)
    tcursoro = tableo.createCursorByCellName("A1")

    hitbug = False
    if table['row'] > 1:
      tcursoro.goDown(1, True)
      hitbug = tcursoro.getRangeName() == 'A1'

    for ri in sorted([int(r) for r in table['table'].keys()]):
      rs = table['table'][str(ri)]
      for ci in sorted([int(c) for c in rs.keys()]):
        cell = rs[str(ci)]
        if hitbug == False and (cell['rowspan'] > 1 or cell['colspan'] > 1):
          tcursoro.gotoCellByName(cell['name'], False)
          if cell['rowspan'] > 1:
            tcursoro.goDown(cell['rowspan'] - 1, True)
          if cell['colspan'] > 1:
            tcursoro.goRight(cell['colspan'] - 1, True)
          tcursoro.mergeRange()
        ctexto = tableo.getCellByName(cell['name'])
        if ctexto == None:
          continue
        ccursoro = ctexto.createTextCursor()
        ccursoro.CharWeight = FontWeight.NORMAL
        ccursoro.CharWeightAsian = FontWeight.NORMAL
        ccursoro.ParaAdjust = LEFT
        self.__WriteText(cell['content'], ctexto, ccursoro)

6、生成二进制的doc文档数据

streamo = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.io.Pipe', self.ctx)
    self.doco.storeToURL('private:stream', (PropertyValue('FilterName', 0, 'MS Word 2007 XML', 0), PropertyValue('OutputStream', 0, streamo, 0)))
    streamo.flush()
    _, datao = streamo.readBytes(None, streamo.available())

7、从doc文档数据生成pdf的二进制数据

streamo = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.io.Pipe', self.ctx)
    self.doco.storeToURL('private:stream', (PropertyValue('FilterName', 0, 'writer_pdf_Export', 0), PropertyValue('OutputStream', 0, streamo, 0)))
    streamo.flush()
    _, datap = streamo.readBytes(None, streamo.available())

8、读取excel二进制数据

def ImportFromMemory(self, data):
    istream = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.io.SequenceInputStream', self.ctx)
    istream.initialize((uno.ByteSequence(data), ))
    pv = PropertyValue()
    pv.Name = 'InputStream'
    pv.Value = istream
    self.doc = {'doc': []}
    try:
      print("before loadComponentFromURL")
      self.document = self.desktop.loadComponentFromURL('private:stream/scalc', '_blank', 0, (pv, ))
      self.sheets = self.document.getSheets()
      print("ImportFromMemory done")
    except:
      print("ImportFromMemory failed")
      self.sheets = None

9、读取excel的文本数据

def ExportToJson(self):
    try:
      l = self.__ParseText(self.sheets, self.__Callback(self.doc['doc']))
      self.doc['length'] = l
    except:
      self.doc = {'doc': [], 'length': 0}
    return json.dumps(self.doc)

def __ParseText(self, sheets, func):
    l = 0
    sheets_it = sheets.createEnumeration()
    while sheets_it.hasMoreElements():
      element = sheets_it.nextElement()
      if element.supportsService('com.sun.star.sheet.Spreadsheet'):
        l += self.__ParseSpreadsheet(element, func)
    return l

  def __ParseSpreadsheet(self, spreadsheet, func):
    l = 0
    p = {'spreadsheet': []}
    visible_cells_it = spreadsheet.queryVisibleCells().getCells().createEnumeration()
    while visible_cells_it.hasMoreElements():
      cell = visible_cells_it.nextElement()
      type = cell.getType()
      if type == self.EMPTY:
        print("cell.type==empty")
      elif type == self.VALUE:
        print("cell.type==VALUE", "value=", cell.getValue(), cell.getCellAddress ())
      elif type == self.TEXT:
        print("cell.type==TEXT","content=", cell.getString().encode("UTF-8"), cell.getCellAddress ())
        l += self.__ParseCellText(spreadsheet, cell, self.__Callback(p['spreadsheet']))
        print("__ParseCellText=", p)
      elif type == self.FORMULA:
        print("cell.type==FORMULA", "formula=", cell.getValue())
    p['length'] = l
    func(p)
    return l

  def __ParseCellText(self, sheet, cell, func):
    try:
      x = cell.getCellAddress().Column
      y = cell.getCellAddress().Row
      sheetname = sheet.getName()
    except:
      x = -1
      y = -1
      sheetname = None
    func({'celltext': cell.getString(), 'x': x, 'y': y, 'sheetname': sheetname, 'length': len(cell.getString())})
    return len(cell.getString())

　self.EMPTY = uno.Enum("com.sun.star.table.CellContentType", "EMPTY")
    self.TEXT = uno.Enum("com.sun.star.table.CellContentType", "TEXT")
    self.FORMULA = uno.Enum("com.sun.star.table.CellContentType", "FORMULA")
    self.VALUE = uno.Enum("com.sun.star.table.CellContentType", "VALUE")

10、替换excel的文本信息

def ImportFromJson(self, data):
    doc = json.loads(data)
    try:
      self.__WriteText(doc['doc'])
    except:
      pass

def __WriteText(self, text):
    print("__WriteText begin:", text)
    sheet = None
    for it in text:
      if 'paragraph' in it and 'sheetname' in it:
        if sheet == None or sheet.getName() != it['sheetname']:
          try:
            sheet = self.sheets.getByName(it['sheetname'])
            print("getsheet:", it['sheetname'], "=", sheet.getName())
          except:
            sheet = None
            continue
        self.__WriteParagraph(it, sheet)

  def __WriteParagraph(self, paragraph, sheet):
    print("__WriteParagraph")
    if paragraph['length'] > 0:
      try:
        x = paragraph['x']
        y = paragraph['y']
        print("getcell:", x, y)
        cell = sheet.getCellByPosition(x, y)
        print("getcell done")
      except:
        return
      if 'result' in paragraph:
        for it in paragraph['result']:
          print("cell=", cell.getString())
          cell.setString(it['trans_sen'])
          print("cell,", cell.getString(), ",done")

11、生成excel文档二进制数据

streamo = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.io.Pipe', self.ctx)
    self.document.storeToURL('private:stream', (PropertyValue('FilterName', 0, 'Calc MS Excel 2007 XML', 0), PropertyValue('OutputStream', 0, streamo, 0)))
    streamo.flush()
    _, datao = streamo.readBytes(None, streamo.available())

12、生成excel的pdf文档

streamo = self.smgr.createInstanceWithContext('com.sun.star.io.Pipe', self.ctx)
    self.document.storeToURL('private:stream', (PropertyValue('FilterName', 0, 'calc_pdf_Export', 0), PropertyValue('OutputStream', 0, streamo, 0)))
    streamo.flush()
    _, datap = streamo.readBytes(None, streamo.available())

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持三水点靠木。