使用jQuery向asp.net Mvc传递复杂json数据-ModelBinder篇

调用jQuery的ajax方法时,jQuery会根据post或者get协议对参数data进行序列化;

如果提交的数据使用复杂的json数据,例如:

{userId:32323,userName:{firstName:"李",lastName:"李大嘴"}}

那么服务器是无法正常接收到完整的参数,因为jQuery对data的序列化,是使用了键值对拼装的方式;

参数拼装成 userId=32323&userName=object ; userName所指向的对象被序列化成字符串"object"

如何才能把一个复杂的object对象提交到后台的action参数中呢?

首先,解决jQuery对于参数序列化的问题:

/*对象序列化为字符串*/ 
String.toSerialize = function(obj) { 
var ransferCharForJavascript = function(s) { 
var newStr = s.replace( 
/[\x26\x27\x3C\x3E\x0D\x0A\x22\x2C\x5C\x00]/g, 
function(c) { 
ascii = c.charCodeAt(0) 
return '\\u00' + (ascii < 16 ? '0' + ascii.toString(16) : ascii.toString(16)) 
} 
); 
return newStr; 
} 
if (obj == null) { 
return null 
} 
else if (obj.constructor == Array) { 
var builder = []; 
builder.push("["); 
for (var index in obj) { 
if (typeof obj[index] == "function") continue; 
if (index > 0) builder.push(","); 
builder.push(String.toSerialize(obj[index])); 
} 
builder.push("]"); 
return builder.join(""); 
} 
else if (obj.constructor == Object) { 
var builder = []; 
builder.push("{"); 
var index = 0; 
for (var key in obj) { 
if (typeof obj[key] == "function") continue; 
if (index > 0) builder.push(","); 
builder.push(String.format("\"{0}\":{1}", key, String.toSerialize(obj[key]))); 
index++; 
} 
builder.push("}"); 
return builder.join(""); 
} 
else if (obj.constructor == Boolean) { 
return obj.toString(); 
} 
else if (obj.constructor == Number) { 
return obj.toString(); 
} 
else if (obj.constructor == String) { 
return String.format('"{0}"', ransferCharForJavascript(obj)); 
} 
else if (obj.constructor == Date) { 
return String.format('{"__DataType":"Date","__thisue":{0}}', obj.getTime() - (new Date(1970, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0)).getTime()); 
} 
else if (this.toString != undefined) { 
return String.toSerialize(obj); 
} 
}

jQuery异步请求:

$(function() { 
/*按钮点击事件*/ 
$("#btn_post_test").click(function() { 
var data = [ 
{ UserId: "11", UserName: { FirstName: "323", LastName: "2323" }, Keys: ["xiaoming", "xiaohong"] }, 
{ UserId: "22", UserName: { FirstName: "323", LastName: "2323" }, Keys: ["xiaoming", "xiaohong"] }, 
{ UserId: "33", UserName: { FirstName: "323", LastName: "2323" }, Keys: ["xiaoming", "xiaohong"] } 
]; 
$.post("Home/Test", { users: String.toSerialize(data) }, function(text) { 
alert(String.toSerialize(text)); 
}, "json"); 
}); 
});

点击按钮提交数据,监控浏览器,可以发现提交的数据是json对象的序列化后的内容:

POST /Home/Test HTTP/1.1 
x-requested-with: XMLHttpRequest 
Accept-Language: zh-cn 
Referer: http://localhost:3149/test.html 
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */* 
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded 
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate 
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.2; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E) 
Host: localhost:3149 
Content-Length: 501 
Connection: Keep-Alive 
Cache-Control: no-cache 
Cookie: CookieGlobalLoginUserID=16063 
users=%5B%7B%22UserId%22%3A%2211%22%2C%22Name%22%3A%7B%22FirstName%22%3A%22323%22%2C%22LastName%22%3A%222323%22%7D%2C%22Keys%22%3A%5B%22xiaoming%22%2C%22xiaohong%22%5D%7D%2C%7B%22UserId%22%3A%2222%22%2C%22Name%22%3A%7B%22FirstName%22%3A%22323%22%2C%22LastName%22%3A%222323%22%7D%2C%22Keys%22%3A%5B%22xiaoming%22%2C%22xiaohong%22%5D%7D%2C%7B%22UserId%22%3A%2233%22%2C%22Name%22%3A%7B%22FirstName%22%3A%22323%22%2C%22LastName%22%3A%222323%22%7D%2C%22Keys%22%3A%5B%22xiaoming%22%2C%22xiaohong%22%5D%7D%5D

其次,后台服务器处理参数绑定:

using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Web.Mvc; 
using Newtonsoft.Json; 
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq; 
namespace WebOS.Controllers 
{ 
[HandleError] 
public class HomeController : Controller 
{ 
/// <summary> 
/// 测试方法 
/// </summary> 
/// <param name="users">用户数据</param> 
/// <returns>提交的用户数组</returns> 
public ActionResult Test([ModelBinder(typeof(JsonBinder<User>))]List<User> users) 
{ 
return Json(users, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); 
} 
} 
/// <summary> 
/// 对象实体 
/// </summary> 
[JsonObject] 
public class User 
{ 
[JsonProperty("UserName")] 
public UserName Name { get; set; } 
[JsonProperty("UserId")] 
public string UserId { get; set; } 
[JsonProperty("Keys")] 
public List<string> Keys { get; set; } 
} 
/// <summary> 
/// 对象实体 
/// </summary> 
[JsonObject] 
public class UserName 
{ 
[JsonProperty("FirstName")] 
public string FirstName { get; set; } 
[JsonProperty("LastName")] 
public string LastName { get; set; } 
} 
/// <summary> 
/// Json数据绑定类 
/// </summary> 
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> 
public class JsonBinder<T> : IModelBinder 
{ 
public object BindModel(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext) 
{ 
//从请求中获取提交的参数数据 
var json = controllerContext.HttpContext.Request.Form[bindingContext.ModelName] as string; 
//提交参数是对象 
if (json.StartsWith("{") && json.EndsWith("}")) 
{ 
JObject jsonBody = JObject.Parse(json); 
JsonSerializer js = new JsonSerializer(); 
object obj = js.Deserialize(jsonBody.CreateReader(), typeof(T)); 
return obj; 
} 
//提交参数是数组 
if (json.StartsWith("[") && json.EndsWith("]")) 
{ 
IList<T> list = new List<T>(); 
JArray jsonRsp = JArray.Parse(json); 
if (jsonRsp != null) 
{ 
for (int i = 0; i < jsonRsp.Count; i++) 
{ 
JsonSerializer js = new JsonSerializer(); 
object obj = js.Deserialize(jsonRsp[i].CreateReader(), typeof(T)); 
list.Add((T)obj); 
} 
} 
return list; 
} 
return null; 
} 
} 
}

前端获取到后台返回的数据,结果就是用户提交的数据:

后台json反序列化使用了Newtonsoft.Json 组件,有关资料请参考:http://james.newtonking.com/