浅谈php扩展imagick


Posted in PHP onJune 02, 2014

PHP建图通常都用GD库,因为是内置的不需要在服务器上额外安装插件,所以用起来比较省心,但是如果你的程序主要的功能就是处理图像,那?就不建议用GD了,因为GD不但低效能而且能力也比较弱,?子玫南低匙试匆财亩?另外GD的creatfrom也有bug,而imagick却是一个很好的替代品,为此最近把我的一个项目由GD改成了imagick,但是改完之后出现了一些状况在此分享给大家.

首先说一下我这边出现的状况:

状况一:需要重写图像操作class

状况二:imagick多线程时会导致cpu使用率暴增到100%

在此顺便提一下imagick在centos6.4的安装方法:

1、安装ImageMagick

wget http://soft.vpser.net/web/imagemagick/ImageMagick-6.7.1-2.tar.gz
tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.1-2.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.7.1-2/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/imagemagick --disable-openmp
make && make install
ldconfig

测试ImageMagick是否可以正常运行:

/usr/local/imagemagick/bin/convert -version

2、安装PHP扩展:imagick

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz
tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz
cd imagick-3.0.1/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-imagick=/usr/local/imagemagick
make && make install
ldconfig
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
添加:extension = "imagick.so"

重启lnmp

/root/lnmp reload

接下来我们针对上述两个状况分别提出解决办法:

状况一的解决办法如下:

/**
    Imagick图像处理类
    用法:
        //引入Imagick物件
        if(!defined('CLASS_IMAGICK')){require(Inc.'class_imagick.php');}
        $Imagick=new class_imagick();
        $Imagick->open('a.gif');
        $Imagick->resize_to(100,100,'scale_fill');
        $Imagick->add_text('1024i.com',10,20);
        $Imagick->add_watermark('1024i.gif',10,50);
        $Imagick->save_to('x.gif');
        unset($Imagick);
/**/
define('CLASS_IMAGICK',TRUE);
class class_imagick{
    private $image=null;
    private $type=null;
    // 构造
    public function __construct(){}
    // 析构
    public function __destruct(){
        if($this->image!==null){$this->image->destroy();}
    }
    // 载入图像
    public function open($path){
        if(!file_exists($path)){
            $this->image=null;
            return ;
        }
        $this->image=new Imagick($path);
        if($this->image){
            $this->type=strtolower($this->image->getImageFormat());
        }
        $this->image->stripImage();
        return $this->image;
    }
    /**
        图像裁切
    /**/
    public function crop($x=0,$y=0,$width=null,$height=null){
        if($width==null) $width=$this->image->getImageWidth()-$x;
        if($height==null) $height=$this->image->getImageHeight()-$y;
        if($width<=0 || $height<=0) return;
        if($this->type=='gif'){
            $image=$this->image;
            $canvas=new Imagick();
            $images=$image->coalesceImages();
            foreach($images as $frame){
                $img=new Imagick();
                $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                $img->cropImage($width,$height,$x,$y);
                $canvas->addImage($img);
                $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
            }
            $image->destroy();
            $this->image=$canvas;
        }else{
            $this->image->cropImage($width,$height,$x,$y);
        }
    }
    /**
        更改图像大小
        参数:
            $width:新的宽度
            $height:新的高度
            $fit: 适应大小
                'force': 把图像强制改为$width X $height
                'scale': 按比例在$width X $height内缩放图片,结果不完全等於$width X $height
                'scale_fill':按比例在$width X $height内缩放图片,没有像素的地方填充?色$fill_color=array(255,255,255)(红,绿,蓝,透明度[0不透明-127全透明])
                其他:智能模式,缩放图片并从正中裁切$width X $height的大小
        注意:
            $fit='force','scale','scale_fill'时输出完整图像
            $fit=图像方位时输出指定位置部份的图像
        字母与图像的对应关系如下:
            north_west   north   north_east
            west         center        east
            south_west   south   south_east
    /**/
    public function resize_to($width=100,$height=100,$fit='center',$fill_color=array(255,255,255,0)){
        switch($fit){
        case 'force':
            if($this->type=='gif'){
                $image=$this->image;
                $canvas=new Imagick();
                $images=$image->coalesceImages();
                foreach($images as $frame){
                    $img=new Imagick();
                    $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                    $img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,false);
                    $canvas->addImage($img);
                    $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                }
                $image->destroy();
                $this->image=$canvas;
            }else{
                $this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,false);
            }
            break;
        case 'scale':
            if($this->type=='gif'){
                $image=$this->image;
                $images=$image->coalesceImages();
                $canvas=new Imagick();
                foreach($images as $frame){
                    $img=new Imagick();
                    $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                    $img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                    $canvas->addImage($img);
                    $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                }
                $image->destroy();
                $this->image=$canvas;
            }else{
                $this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
            }
            break;
        case 'scale_fill':
            $size=$this->image->getImagePage();
            $src_width=$size['width'];
            $src_height=$size['height'];
            $x=0;
            $y=0;
            $dst_width=$width;
            $dst_height=$height;
            if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width){
                $dst_height=intval($width*$src_height/$src_width);
                $y=intval(($height-$dst_height)/2);
            }else{
                $dst_width=intval($height*$src_width/$src_height);
                $x=intval(($width-$dst_width)/2);
            }
            $image=$this->image;
            $canvas=new Imagick();
            $color='rgba('.$fill_color[0].','.$fill_color[1].','.$fill_color[2].','.$fill_color[3].')';
            if($this->type=='gif'){
                $images=$image->coalesceImages();
                foreach($images as $frame){
                    $frame->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                    $draw=new ImagickDraw();
                    $draw->composite($frame->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$dst_width,$dst_height,$frame);
                    $img=new Imagick();
                    $img->newImage($width,$height,$color,'gif');
                    $img->drawImage($draw);
                    $canvas->addImage($img);
                    $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                    $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
                }
            }else{
                $image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                $draw=new ImagickDraw();
                $draw->composite($image->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$dst_width,$dst_height,$image);
                $canvas->newImage($width,$height,$color,$this->get_type());
                $canvas->drawImage($draw);
                $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
            }
            $image->destroy();
            $this->image=$canvas;
            break;
        default:
            $size=$this->image->getImagePage();
            $src_width=$size['width'];
            $src_height=$size['height'];
            $crop_x=0;
            $crop_y=0;
            $crop_w=$src_width;
            $crop_h=$src_height;
            if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width){
                $crop_w=intval($src_height*$width/$height);
            }else{
                $crop_h=intval($src_width*$height/$width);
            }
            switch($fit){
                case 'north_west':
                    $crop_x=0;
                    $crop_y=0;
                    break;
                case 'north':
                    $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
                    $crop_y=0;
                    break;
                case 'north_east':
                    $crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;
                    $crop_y=0;
                    break;
                case 'west':
                    $crop_x=0;
                    $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
                    break;
                case 'center':
                    $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
                    $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
                    break;
                case 'east':
                    $crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;
                    $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
                    break;
                case 'south_west':
                    $crop_x=0;
                    $crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;
                    break;
                case 'south':
                    $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
                    $crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;
                    break;
                case 'south_east':
                    $crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;
                    $crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;
                    break;
                default:
                    $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);
                    $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);
            }
            $image=$this->image;
            $canvas=new Imagick();
            if($this->type=='gif'){
                $images=$image->coalesceImages();
                foreach($images as $frame){
                    $img=new Imagick();
                    $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                    $img->cropImage($crop_w,$crop_h,$crop_x,$crop_y);
                    $img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                    $canvas->addImage($img);
                    $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
                    $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
                }
            }else{
                $image->cropImage($crop_w,$crop_h,$crop_x,$crop_y);
                $image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);
                $canvas->addImage($image);
                $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);
            }
            $image->destroy();
            $this->image=$canvas;
        }
    }
    /**
        添加图片水印
        参数:
            $path:水印图片(包含完整路径)
            $x,$y:水印座标
    /**/
    public function add_watermark($path,$x=0,$y=0){
        $watermark=new Imagick($path);
        $draw=new ImagickDraw();
        $draw->composite($watermark->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$watermark->getImageWidth(),$watermark->getimageheight(),$watermark);
        if($this->type=='gif'){
            $image=$this->image;
            $canvas=new Imagick();
            $images=$image->coalesceImages();
            foreach($image as $frame){
                $img=new Imagick();
                $img->readImageBlob($frame);
                $img->drawImage($draw);
                $canvas->addImage($img);
                $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());
            }
            $image->destroy();
            $this->image=$canvas;
        }else{
            $this->image->drawImage($draw);
        }
    }
    /**
        添加文字水印
        参数:
            $text:水印文字
            $x,$y:水印座标
    /**/
    public function add_text($text,$x=0,$y=0,$angle=0,$style=array()){
        $draw=new ImagickDraw();
        if(isset($style['font'])) $draw->setFont($style['font']);
        if(isset($style['font_size'])) $draw->setFontSize($style['font_size']);
        if(isset($style['fill_color'])) $draw->setFillColor($style['fill_color']);
        if(isset($style['under_color'])) $draw->setTextUnderColor($style['under_color']);
        if($this->type=='gif'){
            foreach($this->image as $frame){
                $frame->annotateImage($draw,$x,$y,$angle,$text);
            }
        }else{
            $this->image->annotateImage($draw,$x,$y,$angle,$text);
        }
    }
    /**
        图片存档
        参数:
            $path:存档的位置和新的档案名
    /**/
    public function save_to($path){
        $this->image->stripImage();
        switch($this->type){
        case 'gif':
            $this->image->writeImages($path,true);
            return ;
        case 'jpg':
        case 'jpeg':
            $this->image->setImageCompressionQuality($_ENV['ImgQ']);
            $this->image->writeImage($path);
            return ;
        case 'png':
            $flag = $this->image->getImageAlphaChannel();
            // 如果png背景不透明则压缩
            if(imagick::ALPHACHANNEL_UNDEFINED == $flag or imagick::ALPHACHANNEL_DEACTIVATE == $flag){
                $this->image->setImageType(imagick::IMGTYPE_PALETTE);
                $this->image->writeImage($path);
            }else{
                $this->image->writeImage($path);
            }unset($flag);
            return ;
        default:
            $this->image->writeImage($path);
            return ;
        }
    }
    // 直接输出图像到萤幕
    public function output($header=true){
        if($header) header('Content-type: '.$this->type);
        echo $this->image->getImagesBlob();
    }
    /**
        建立缩小图
        $fit为真时,将保持比例并在$width X $height内?生缩小图
    /**/
    public function thumbnail($width=100,$height=100,$fit=true){$this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,$fit);}
    /**
        给图像添加边框
        $width: 左右边框宽度
        $height: 上下边框宽度
        $color: ?色
    /**/
    public function border($width,$height,$color='rgb(220,220,220)'){
        $color=new ImagickPixel();
        $color->setColor($color);
        $this->image->borderImage($color,$width,$height);
    }
    //取得图像宽度
    public function get_width(){$size=$this->image->getImagePage();return $size['width'];}
    //取得图像高度
    public function get_height(){$size=$this->image->getImagePage();return $size['height'];}
    // 设置图像类型
    public function set_type($type='png'){$this->type=$type;$this->image->setImageFormat($type);}
    // 取得图像类型
    public function get_type(){return $this->type;}
    public function blur($radius,$sigma){$this->image->blurImage($radius,$sigma);} // 模糊
    public function gaussian_blur($radius,$sigma){$this->image->gaussianBlurImage($radius,$sigma);} // 高斯模糊
    public function motion_blur($radius,$sigma,$angle){$this->image->motionBlurImage($radius,$sigma,$angle);} // 运动模糊
    public function radial_blur($radius){$this->image->radialBlurImage($radius);} // 径向模糊
    public function add_noise($type=null){$this->image->addNoiseImage($type==null?imagick::NOISE_IMPULSE:$type);} // 添加噪点
    public function level($black_point,$gamma,$white_point){$this->image->levelImage($black_point,$gamma,$white_point);} // 调整色阶
    public function modulate($brightness,$saturation,$hue){$this->image->modulateImage($brightness,$saturation,$hue);} // 调整亮度,饱和度,色调
    public function charcoal($radius,$sigma){$this->image->charcoalImage($radius,$sigma);} // 素描效果
    public function oil_paint($radius){$this->image->oilPaintImage($radius);} // 油画效果
    public function flop(){$this->image->flopImage();} // 水平翻转
    public function flip(){$this->image->flipImage();} // 垂直翻转
}

状况二的解决办法如下:

首先用/usr/local/imagemagick/bin/convert -version指令查看一下输出内容是否已经开?⒘硕嘞叱?Features:的值为空说明是单线程,如果Features:的值是openMP说明是多线程.imagick的多线程模式有一个bug,他会导致多核心的cpu使用率瞬间?升到100所以一定要使用它的单线程模式才行.

Version: ImageMagick 6.7.1-2 2014-05-29 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC
Features:  

 上边是我配置正确时显示的结果,如果没有配置正确会显示下边的结果

Version: ImageMagick 6.7.1-2 2014-05-29 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC
Features: openMP

 第一种结果是单线程模式,第二种结果是多线程模式,因为imagick的多线程模式有bug,所以如果您刚开始是用多线程模式安装的imagick那就必须要yum remove imagemagick将其卸载掉重新安装才行.

经过重写class,重装imagick之后一切正常,而且处理图像的效能比之以前有了大幅提升

 

PHP 相关文章推荐
攻克CakePHP系列二 表单数据显示
Oct 22 PHP
PHP SQLite类
May 07 PHP
将一维或多维的数组连接成一个字符串的php代码
Aug 08 PHP
php addslashes及其他清除空格的方法是不安全的
Jan 25 PHP
数组与类使用PHP的可变变量名需要的注意的问题
Jun 20 PHP
php教程之魔术方法的使用示例(php魔术函数)
Feb 12 PHP
深入理解PHP中的global
Aug 19 PHP
ThinkPHP打开验证码页面显示乱码的解决方法
Dec 18 PHP
PHP编程中尝试程序并发的几种方式总结
Mar 21 PHP
总结PHP中DateTime的常用方法
Aug 11 PHP
Laravel学习教程之model validation的使用示例
Oct 23 PHP
yii2安装详细流程
May 23 PHP
PHP小技巧之函数重载
Jun 02 #PHP
mac下Apache + MySql + PHP搭建网站开发环境
Jun 02 #PHP
在PHP中使用X-SendFile头让文件下载更快
Jun 01 #PHP
PHP is_subclass_of函数的一个BUG和解决方法
Jun 01 #PHP
PHP中数组的分组排序实例
Jun 01 #PHP
php_screw安装使用教程(另一个PHP代码加密实现)
May 29 #PHP
PHP Curl出现403错误的解决办法
May 29 #PHP
You might like
星际争霸中的热键
2020/03/04 星际争霸
php UTF8 文件的签名问题
2009/10/30 PHP
php中用于检测一个地理IP地址是否可用的代码
2012/02/19 PHP
yii框架表单模型使用及以数组形式提交表单数据示例
2014/04/30 PHP
PHP通过curl获取接口URL的数据方法
2018/05/31 PHP
tagName的使用,留一笔
2006/06/26 Javascript
jquery 必填项判断表单是否为空的方法
2008/09/14 Javascript
javascript 学习笔记(onchange等)
2010/11/14 Javascript
json的前台操作和后台操作实现代码
2012/01/20 Javascript
jQuery对象初始化的传参方式
2015/02/26 Javascript
node.js操作mongodb学习小结
2015/04/25 Javascript
JS判断图片是否加载完成方法汇总(最新版)
2016/05/13 Javascript
JavaScript数据结构中栈的应用之表达式求值问题详解
2017/04/11 Javascript
浅谈关于.vue文件中style的scoped属性
2017/08/19 Javascript
使用ng-packagr打包Angular的方法示例
2018/09/21 Javascript
vue中使用cookies和crypto-js实现记住密码和加密的方法
2018/10/18 Javascript
vue项目移动端实现ip输入框问题
2019/03/19 Javascript
jquery实现简易验证插件封装
2020/09/13 jQuery
解决vue-cli输入命令vue ui没效果的问题
2020/11/17 Javascript
python连接mysql并提交mysql事务示例
2014/03/05 Python
Python入门篇之数字
2014/10/20 Python
全面理解Python中self的用法
2016/06/04 Python
Python实现按特定格式对文件进行读写的方法示例
2017/11/30 Python
Python函数any()和all()的用法及区别介绍
2018/09/14 Python
使用python爬取抖音视频列表信息
2019/07/15 Python
Python中的整除和取模实例
2020/06/03 Python
将HTML5 Canvas的内容保存为图片借助toDataURL实现
2013/05/20 HTML / CSS
英国第一的市场和亚马逊替代品:OnBuy
2019/03/16 全球购物
Weblogc domain问题
2014/01/27 面试题
介绍下WebSphere的安全性
2013/01/31 面试题
学生生病请假条范文
2014/02/16 职场文书
离婚协议书范文2014(夫妻感情破裂)
2014/12/14 职场文书
幼儿园春季开学通知
2015/07/16 职场文书
导游词之无锡丝业博物馆
2019/11/12 职场文书
CSS3 制作的图片滚动效果
2021/04/14 HTML / CSS
教你使用TensorFlow2识别验证码
2021/06/11 Python