使用Python中的cookielib模拟登录网站

前面简单提到了 Python 模拟登录的程序，但是没写清楚，这里再补上一个带注释的 Python 模拟登录的示例程序。简单说一下流程：先用cookielib获取cookie，再用获取到的cookie，进入需要登录的网站。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

 # !/usr/bin/python
 
 import urllib2
 import urllib
 import cookielib
 import re 
 auth_url = 'http://www.nowamagic.net/'
 home_url = 'http://www.nowamagic.net/';
 # 登陆用户名和密码
 data={
   "username":"nowamagic",
   "password":"pass"
 }
 # urllib进行编码
 post_data=urllib.urlencode(data)
 # 发送头信息

 headers ={

   "Host":"www.nowamagic.net",
 "Referer": "http://www.nowamagic.net"
 }
 # 初始化一个CookieJar来处理Cookie

 cookieJar=cookielib.CookieJar()
 # 实例化一个全局opener

 opener=urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookieJar))

 # 获取cookie
 req=urllib2.Request(auth_url,post_data,headers)
 result = opener.open(req)
 # 访问主页 自动带着cookie信息
 result = opener.open(home_url)
 # 显示结果
 print result.read()

再附带几个示例程序：

1. 使用已有的cookie访问网站

import cookielib, urllib2
 
 ckjar = cookielib.MozillaCookieJar(os.path.join('C:\Documents and Settings\tom\Application Data\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\h5m61j1i.default', 'cookies.txt')) 
 req = urllib2.Request(url, postdata, header)
 
 req.add_header('User-Agent', \
   'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)')
 
 opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(ckjar) )
 
 f = opener.open(req)
 htm = f.read()
 f.close()

2. 访问网站获得cookie，并把获得的cookie保存在cookie文件中

import cookielib, urllib2
 
 req = urllib2.Request(url, postdata, header)
 req.add_header('User-Agent', \
   'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)')
 
 ckjar = cookielib.MozillaCookieJar(filename)
 ckproc = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(ckjar)
 
 opener = urllib2.build_opener(ckproc)
 
 f = opener.open(req)
 htm = f.read()
 f.close()
 
 ckjar.save(ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True)

3. 使用指定的参数生成cookie,并用这个cookie访问网站

import cookielib, urllib2
 
 cookiejar = cookielib.CookieJar()
 urlOpener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookiejar))
 values = {'redirect':", 'email':'[e-mail]',
      'password':'password', 'rememberme':", 'submit':'OK, Let Me In!'}
 data = urllib.urlencode(values)
 
 request = urllib2.Request(url, data)
 url = urlOpener.open(request)
 print url.info()
 page = url.read()
 
 request = urllib2.Request(url)
 url = urlOpener.open(request)
 page = url.read()
 print page