Posted in Javascript onJune 21, 2016
本文实例讲述了JS实现对中文字符串进行utf-8的Base64编码的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
要进行编码的字符串：“select 用户名 from 用户”
使用JAVA进行编码，Java程序：
String sql = "select 用户名 from 用户";
String encodeStr = new String(Base64.encode(sql.getBytes("UTF-8"))); // 编码
System.out.println(encodeStr);
得到：
c2VsZWN0IOeUqOaIt+WQjSBmcm9tIOeUqOaItw==
在Java中解码：
sql = new String(Base64.decode(sql.getBytes()), "UTF-8");
Java代码中为什么要使用getBytes("UTF-8")呢？因为Windows和Linux环境下默认编码不同，要使你的程序在不同平台下得到相同编码，必然要指定编码
虽然Html和JS的编码都是utf-8，但JS从页面上得到的中文编码却是utf-16，所以直接对中文进行Base64编码将得到错误的结果，所以我们要先从utf-16转到utf-8再编码
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body{
margin:0px;
padding:0px;
}
body,td{
font-size:9pt;
}
-->
</style>
<script type="text/JavaScript">
<!--
var keyStr = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=";
//将Ansi编码的字符串进行Base64编码
function encode64(input) {
var output = "";
var chr1, chr2, chr3 = "";
var enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4 = "";
var i = 0;
do {
chr1 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
chr2 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
chr3 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
enc1 = chr1 >> 2;
enc2 = ((chr1 & 3) << 4) | (chr2 >> 4);
enc3 = ((chr2 & 15) << 2) | (chr3 >> 6);
enc4 = chr3 & 63;
if (isNaN(chr2)) {
enc3 = enc4 = 64;
} else if (isNaN(chr3)) {
enc4 = 64;
}
output = output + keyStr.charAt(enc1) + keyStr.charAt(enc2)
+ keyStr.charAt(enc3) + keyStr.charAt(enc4);
chr1 = chr2 = chr3 = "";
enc1 = enc2 = enc3 = enc4 = "";
} while (i < input.length);
return output;
}
//将Base64编码字符串转换成Ansi编码的字符串
function decode64(input) {
var output = "";
var chr1, chr2, chr3 = "";
var enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4 = "";
var i = 0;
if (input.length % 4 != 0) {
return "";
}
var base64test = /[^A-Za-z0-9\+\/\=]/g;
if (base64test.exec(input)) {
return "";
}
do {
enc1 = keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
enc2 = keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
enc3 = keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
enc4 = keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
chr1 = (enc1 << 2) | (enc2 >> 4);
chr2 = ((enc2 & 15) << 4) | (enc3 >> 2);
chr3 = ((enc3 & 3) << 6) | enc4;
output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr1);
if (enc3 != 64) {
output += String.fromCharCode(chr2);
}
if (enc4 != 64) {
output += String.fromCharCode(chr3);
}
chr1 = chr2 = chr3 = "";
enc1 = enc2 = enc3 = enc4 = "";
} while (i < input.length);
return output;
}
function utf16to8(str) {
var out, i, len, c;
out = "";
len = str.length;
for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
c = str.charCodeAt(i);
if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) {
out += str.charAt(i);
} else if (c > 0x07FF) {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
} else {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((c >> 6) & 0x1F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
}
}
return out;
}
function utf8to16(str) {
var out, i, len, c;
var char2, char3;
out = "";
len = str.length;
i = 0;
while(i < len) {
c = str.charCodeAt(i++);
switch(c >> 4) {
case 0: case 1: case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: case 7:
// 0xxxxxxx
out += str.charAt(i-1);
break;
case 12: case 13:
// 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx
char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x1F) << 6) | (char2 & 0x3F));
break;
case 14:
// 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx
char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
char3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x0F) << 12) |
((char2 & 0x3F) << 6) |
((char3 & 0x3F) << 0));
break;
}
}
return out;
}
// 测试代码 开始
var de = encode64(utf16to8("select 用户名 from 用户"));
document.writeln(de+"<br>");
var ee = utf8to16(decode64(de))
document.writeln(ee);
// 测试代码 结束
//-->
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
上面的代码都是从网上得来，拼凑后得到正确结果，在此感谢前辈们
PS：这里再为大家推荐几款base64编码解码在线工具，相信在以后的开发中会用得到：
BASE64编码解码工具：
http://tools.3water.com/transcoding/base64
在线图片转换BASE64工具：
http://tools.3water.com/transcoding/img2base64
希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。
JS实现对中文字符串进行utf-8的Base64编码的方法(使其与Java编码相同)
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